Pakistan History, Culture, Geography and Climate

The nation of Pakistan is still young, but human history in the area reaches back for tens of thousands of years. In recent history, Pakistan has been inextricably linked in the worlds view with the extremist movement of al Qaeda and with the Taliban, based in neighboring Afghanistan. The Pakistani government is in a delicate position, caught between various factions within the country, as well as policy pressures from without. Capital and Major Cities Capital: Islamabad, population 1,889,249 (2012 estimate) Major Cities: Karachi, population 24,205,339Lahore, population 10,052,000Faisalabad, population 4,052,871Rawalpindi, population 3,205,414Hyderabad, population 3,478,357All figures based on 2012 estimates. Pakistani Government Pakistan has a (somewhat fragile) parliamentary democracy. The President is the Head of State, while the Prime Minister is the Head of Government. Prime Minister Mian Nawaz Sharif  and President Mamnoon Hussain were elected in 2013. Elections are held every five years and incumbents are eligible for reelection. Pakistans two-house Parliament (Majlis-e-Shura) is made up of a 100-member Senate and a 342-member National Assembly. The judicial system is a mix of secular and Islamic courts, including a Supreme Court, provincial courts, and Federal Sharia courts that administer Islamic law. Pakistans secular laws are based on British common law. All citizens over 18 years of age have the vote. Population of Pakistan Pakistans population estimate as of 2015 was 199,085,847, making it the sixth most populous nation on Earth. The largest ethnic group is the Punjabi, with 45 percent of the total population. Other groups include the Pashtun (or Pathan), 15.4 percent; Sindhi, 14.1 percent; Sariaki, 8.4 percent; Urdu, 7.6 percent; Balochi, 3.6 percent; and smaller groups making up the remaining 4.7 percent. The birth rate in Pakistan is relatively high, at 2.7 live births per woman, so the population is expanding rapidly. The literacy rate for adult women is only 46 percent, compared with 70 percent for men. Languages of Pakistan The official language of Pakistan is English, but the national language is Urdu (which is closely related to Hindi). Interestingly, Urdu is not spoken as a native language by any of Pakistans main ethnic groups and was chosen as a neutral option for communication among the various peoples of Pakistan. Punjabi is the native tongue of 48 percent of Pakistanis, with Sindhi at 12 percent, Siraiki at 10 percent, Pashtu at 8 percent, Balochi at 3 percent, and a handful of smaller language groups. Most Pakistan languages belong to the Indo-Aryan language family  and are written in a Perso-Arabic script. Religion in Pakistan An estimated 95-97 percent of Pakistanis are Muslim, with the remaining few percentage points made up of small groups of Hindus, Christians, Sikhs, Parsi (Zoroastrians), Buddhists and followers of other faiths. About 85-90 percent of the Muslim population are Sunni Muslims, while 10-15 percent are Shia. Most Pakistani Sunnis belong to the Hanafi branch, or to the Ahle Hadith. Shia sects represented include the Ithna Asharia, the Bohra, and the Ismailis. Geography of Pakistan Pakistan lies at the collision point between the Indian and Asian tectonic plates. As a result, much of the country consists of rugged mountains. The area of Pakistan is 880,940 square km (340,133 square miles). The country shares borders with Afghanistan to the northwest, China to the north, India to the south and east, and Iran to the west. The border with India is subject to dispute, with both nations claiming the mountain regions of Kashmir and Jammu. Pakistans lowest point is its Indian Ocean coast, at sea level. The highest point is K2, the worlds second-tallest mountain, at 8,611 meters (28,251 feet). Climate of Pakistan With the exception of the temperate coastal region, most of Pakistan suffers from seasonal extremes of temperature. From June to September, Pakistan has its monsoon season, with warm weather and heavy rain in some areas. The temperatures drop significantly in December through February, while spring tends to be very warm and dry.  Of course, the Karakoram and Hindu Kush mountain ranges are snowbound for much of the year, due to their high altitudes. Temperatures even at lower elevations may drop below freezing during the winter, while summer highs of 40 °C (104 °F) are not uncommon. The record high is 55 °C (131 °F). Pakistani Economy Pakistan has great economic potential, but it has been hampered by internal political unrest, a lack of foreign investment, and its chronic state of conflict with India. As a result, the per capita GDP is only $5000, and 22 percent of Pakistanis live under the poverty line (2015 estimates). While GDP was growing at 6-8 percent between 2004 and 2007, that slowed to 3.5 percent from 2008 to 2013. Unemployment stands at just 6.5 percent, although that does not necessarily reflect the state of employment as many are underemployed. Pakistan exports labor, textiles, rice, and carpets. It imports oil, petroleum products, machinery, and steel. The Pakistani rupee trades at 101 rupees / $1 US (2015). History of Pakistan The nation of Pakistan is a modern creation, but people have been building great cities in the area for some 5,000 years. Five millennia ago, the Indus Valley Civilization created great urban centers at Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro, both of which are now in Pakistan. The Indus Valley people mixed with Aryans moving in from the north during the second millennium B.C. Combined, these peoples are called the Vedic Culture; they created the epic stories upon which Hinduism is founded. The lowlands of Pakistan were conquered by Darius the Great around 500 B.C. His Achaemenid Empire ruled the area for nearly 200 years. Alexander the Great destroyed the Achaemenids in 334 B.C., establishing Greek rule as far as the Punjab. After Alexanders death 12 years later, the empire was thrown into confusion as his generals divided up the satrapies; a local leader, Chandragupta Maurya, seized the opportunity to return the Punjab to local rule. Nonetheless, Greek and Persian culture continued to exert a strong influence on what is now Pakistan and Afghanistan. The Mauryan Empire later conquered most of South Asia; Chandraguptas grandson, Ashoka the Great, converted to Buddhism in the third century B.C. Another important religious development occurred in the 8th century A.D. when Muslim traders brought their new religion to the Sindh region. Islam became the state religion under the Ghaznavid Dynasty (997-1187 A.D.). A succession of Turkic/Afghan dynasties ruled the region through 1526 when the area was conquered by Babur, founder of the Mughal Empire. Babur was a descendant of Timur (Tamerlane), and his dynasty ruled most of South Asia until 1857 ​when the British took control. After the so-called Sepoy Rebellion of 1857, the last Mughal Emperor, Bahadur Shah II, was exiled to Burma by the British. Great Britain had been asserting ever-increasing control through the British East India Company since at least 1757. The British Raj, the time when South Asia fell under direct control by the UK government, lasted until 1947. Muslims in the north of British India, represented by the Muslim League and its leader, Muhammad Ali Jinnah, objected to joining the independent nation of India after World War II. As a result, the parties agreed to a Partition of India. Hindus and Sikhs would live in India proper, while Muslims got the new nation of Pakistan. Jinnah became the first leader of independent Pakistan. Originally, Pakistan consisted of two separate pieces; the eastern section later became the nation of Bangladesh. Pakistan developed nuclear weapons in the 1980s, confirmed by nuclear tests in 1998. Pakistan has been an ally of the United States in the war on terror. They opposed the Soviets during the Soviet-Afghan war but relations have improved.

How Far Does Luck Explain the Rise and Fall of Napoleon...

How far does luck explain the rise and fall of Napoleon Bonaparte? Napoleon Bonaparte like many others rose to prominence during the turbulent times of the French revolution- he was therefore lucky to have been born at such a time in to justify his advancing position. However his reputation as a skilled tactician and strategist enabled him to initially capitalize on the reforms of the French Revolution to improve the lives of French citizens. Napoleon Bonaparte emerged as an important figure for re-establishing order in France and initially gained the trust and support of his countrymen, winning many great military victories against the nations of Europe. But over time, Napoleons lust for power overcame his good economic, political and†¦show more content†¦He referred to his tactics thus: I have fought sixty battles and I have learned nothing which I did not know at the beginning. Look at Caesar; he fought the first like the last. His decision to record his exploits through two newspapers he founded for the army and circulation in France ea rned him wide critical acclaim. But again he was known to sacrifice military glory in favour of preserving his position, as shown by negotiations in Austria and the treaty of Campio Formio in response to Barras and the French republican allies in control of the French government becoming dependent on Bonaparte following the Coup of 18 Fructidor in order to depose the French royalists who feared Napoleon was becoming a dictator. It was not unlucky that this happened, as Napoleon handled the situation effectively and was able to continue his quest for power. His capacity as a strategist in military campaign against nations hostile to France continued to shine when he conceived an expedition into Egypt in order to seize it and thereby undermine Britain’s access to it’s trade interests in India. Although this invasion failed, mostly due to his loss in the battle of the Nile against Horatio Nelson, Napoleon- unlike his later years was able to take defeat well, speeding up the retreat by poisoning plague stricken men- this supposed act of fratricide was deemed necessary by his supporters given the continued harassment of stragglers by Ottoman forces, and indeed those left behindShow MoreRelatedPolitical Behaviour Impact to Leadership Excellence11497 Words   |  46 Pagesbecame a leader when he took into his life his good man Friday. In the most simple associations and in the most complex ones, leaders exert some directing influence, the nature and extent of which must be known if we are to understand how men get along togethe r. To explain why people choose or follow one kind of behavior rather than another-why they go to war or remain at peace, vote Democratic or Republican, or do a job poorly or well-introduces a search for guiding influences. The study of leadershipRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagessound and the author does a superior job of presenting the structure of arguments. David M. Adams, California State Polytechnic University These examples work quite well. Their diversity, literacy, ethnic sensitivity, and relevancy should attract readers. Stanley Baronett. Jr., University of Nevada Las Vegas Far too many authors of contemporary texts in informal logic – keeping an eye on the sorts of arguments found in books on formal logic – forget, or underplay, how much of our daily

Information Technology Internet Censorship †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Information Technology Internet Censorship. Answer: Introduction Internet Censorship refers to the system, institutions, practice of gaining knowledge, communicating and deleting the materials that is said to be harmful or sensitive to others. The technique of censorship in the record of the history has been implemented to strengthen the religious and political aspects (Dixon, Ristenpart and Shrimpton 2016). One of the main obstacles for the rightful censorship are the technology. There are several pros and cons of the Internet censorship in the present and future perspective in the society. There has been a tug-of-war between the anti-censorship and censorship people arguing on the aspect of this Internet Censorship. This report represents the anatomy of the principles, techniques and pros and cons of the censorship along with its positive and negative effects in the society. Internet Censorship As we have discussed earlier that the Censorship is defined as the consequences of the information happening that may be harmful for someone. The situation of maintaining through implementing effectiveness in censorship policies by facing the rapid changes due to the diversity and growing of various devices and networks like the Email, web traffics, P2P file-sharing, Videos, social networking, VoIP, texting and messaging (Cui et al. 2016). The interaction of the technological aspects promoting policies and anti-censorship that has been implemented to enforce censorship is the major focus. The main objective of the research is to create the awareness of the consequences of internet censorship and benefits and negative effect of this, thus suggesting some plans that advances in this technology. Hence, creating critical thoughts and debate about Internet censorship pros and cons accordingly (Weinberg et al. 2017). The preliminary concern of the Internet censorship has two main principles on the basis of the usability and censorship: Limit the performance degradation; Enforce censors. Performance degradation mainly concerns with the promotional usability. Whereas the second principle corresponding to the achieving restricting objectionable content to certain level of accuracy (Mou, Wu and Atkin 2016). While different types of media have been utilized, as a part of the past to convey and advise people in general of current occasions none are as impressive to dictator administrations as the Internet. Like for example, the printing press spreads data by quickening the distribution and scattering of books and daily papers, while radio and TV broadcasting encouraged the fast correspondence of occasions and extended general news scope. The Internet empowers a significantly more fast age also, spreading of data and thoughts contrasted with past technologies. The inherent attributes of the Internet make controlling data on the system is greatly difficult. One reason, which makes data on the Internet hard to control, contrasted with different types of media is that national outskirts are more porous on the web: people of a nation that bans certain data can discover it on sites facilitated outside the nation (Pan 2017). Another main reason, which makes online data particularly hard to control, needs to do with the certain plans and with main aims of the Internet. The basic purpose was to plan a disseminated framework, which is secure, more defendable and more purposeful. To take into account correspondence between various frameworks an arrangement of standard conventions would should be produced to create trust amongst people for online services. Thus, the correct attributes, for example, power that make the Internet a perfect stage for correspondence and dispersal of data additionally make it extremely hard to control the spreading and accessing of data by other party. Hence, the mixture of the capacity to quickly produce and offer new thoughts combined with many other qualities of controlling data streaming, makes a viral impact which can posture dangers to dictator administrations if the data contain contents which may affect some organization of some business or any individual. Therefore, Intern et Censorship, which has been characterized to control the impact of data breaching or of the distributing or getting to of data on the internet, has been consistently expanding in a few organizations (Yang 2016). Despite the fact that editing or omitting the data on the Internet might be more troublesome as compared to other different types of media, a few systems have been created and are being used in a few social services. Since we have discussed that the Internet Censorship is the stop particular websites or online contents to being displayed over the online streaming or get data breached. This may happen in many ways like forming an edit option, regulations, law issued by the government or in the form of ISP object that one gets offer to view. The main aim is to avoid violence, obscene and threats by allowing the internet censorship to immediately block the threat. This helps in avoiding viewing unsatisfying and disturbing contents to the users especially children. But the corresponding disadvantage is over an individuals ability to view the contents that they wish to see. There are several other advantages of Internet Censorship in the society: Limits the criminal activities: Enrollment for fear based oppressor gatherings, hacking into individual ledgers, phishing, data fraud, and online tricks are quite recently a portion of the illicit exercises that occur on the Internet. Many individuals have fallen casualties to these violations and in some cases, have no real way to follow and catch the culprits. Internet control can help keep these unlawful exercises since it can boycott pernicious substance and keep a nearby watch on suspicious action. Enhances the cyber security: Internet censorship will help cyber security od any individual or a group like in a country. Law requirement offices will have the capacity to keep an unfailing spotlight on everything that is occurring and will have the capacity to forestall wrongdoings or stop them at different periods of improvement. Sites are restricted, computerized interfaces are brought down and criminal procedures are executed against associations abusing the Internet however there are still misrepresentation exchanges, character burglaries and the enormous profound dull Internet. Internet control may make the virtual world a more secure place. Protects children: Children utilize the Internet consistently and guardians can't comprehend what kind of substance they are getting to all day, every day. By controlling the Internet, kids will be more liberated to surf the Internet for their scholastic and amusement needs while being shielded from obscene, brutal, and other unsafe substance that can negatively affect them. Protecting the Rights of Women and children: Internetcensorship went for ensuring privileges of women, youngsters and creatures has many favorable circumstances. Naming and disgracing women, recordings of children being tormented, brutality against creatures and horde sorts of genuine however abhorrent substance are accessible and coursed online which are obviously unsatisfactory. There are likewise committed endeavors to insult the notorieties of individuals, most outstandingly attempting to humiliate women by sharing spilled photographs and recordings. Brings strength to the online security issues: Internet censorship can block harmful sites allowing only secure and reliable to Internet sites that can be accessed. This implies you can be more secure when you share touchy data on the Internet. Creates standards for publishing: Indeed, even proficient individuals from the media trust that there ought to be a farthest point to what ought to and should not be distributed, particularly if the material might be unsafe or hostile. Controlling the Internet can avert content containing bigot, segregating, derisive, and vicious messages from being spread on the Internet. Helps to create the chances to set limits in common sense: There are a few things that simply of what public would react to the situation. A basic inquiry now on an unfiltered open hunt can furnish anybody with access to various recordings that indicate to demonstrate genuine murders in advance. Prominent cases, for example, the homicides of Alison Parker and Adam Ward, were communicated on-air and afterward a first-individual video of the occasion advanced through groups of friends a short time later. Confining this substance sets a presence of mind restrict on the substance that can be seen. Identification and lessening of the threats: One of the quickest developing violations on the planet today is fraud. NBC News reports that more US residents were casualties of fraud in 2016 than any prior year. More than 15.4 million reports of wholesale fraud were assembled by Javelin Strategy and Research, which mirrors a 16% expansion in the aggregate number of reports from 2015 figures (Parks and Mukherjee 2017). Limiting substance that would enable personality data to be effortlessly shared could reduce the effect that wholesale fraud causes to a public. Stops the impact of false news: Fake news expanded drastically in 2017. Counterfeit news sites advance false reports for cash through snaps since pursuers think the news is genuine. Internet control would give another level of wisdom which could stop disruptive occurrences that depend on occasions that never happened. Along with the advantages, there are various disadvantages as well: Freedom of expression has been taken: The right to freedom of speechis disallowed once there is a restrain in the matter of what you can or can't state on the Internet. The World WideInternet is the place individuals can utilize an incredible level of inventiveness to communicate, however oversight will take that away. Violate Rights: Internet censorship can be affected. Truth might be avoided general society. It can prompt forms of publicity serving extraordinary interests. Regardless the legislature can't choose or whoever the expert is with respect to what individuals need to peruse, watch or access, if it isn't illegal (Detenber and Rosenthal 2017). Limits the access of vital data and information: With such huge numbers of sites existing, it will be difficult to sort every one as 'destructive' or 'safe. This implies the useful or the prohibited websites are different and must be differentiated. However, while differentiation there cannot be any limitation on accessibility of the data and information of that site. Challenge to enforce: A few nations do not have enough assets to help their subjects with other essential needs. Additionally, making a uniform and steady control will take a considerable measure of time. Allowance controlling of information for an individuals benefit: There will dependably be individuals who will exploit the power they have. For example, if an administration official knows he can control all substance on the Internet, he realizes that he can take part in activities without expecting that the impact could be posted on the Internet (Hassid and Repnikova 2016). Non-acceptance of the society: Regardless of the possibility that Internet control is straightforwardly managed and morally kept up, somebody some place is settling on what is satisfactory and what isn't worthy for society to see on the Internet. In some cases, people do not get authority where they can report about their censorship choices. With that sort of energy, one individual could impact society in the way they picked without result. Costly process: As indicated by consideration from Darrell West, VP and Director of Governance Studies and the establishing executive of the Center for Technology Innovation at Brookings, Internet shutdowns cost nations $2.4 billion of every 2015. The choice to cut network in Egypt included some significant downfalls of $90 million. Blue penciling content is exorbitant and it will come to the detriment of citizens. Provides negative impact in the economy: Internet censorship can also result bad for the economy of the country. Since the government needs to spend much more than they need (Clark et al. 2017). Lacking truth leading towards ignorance: If a business cannot advance them on the Internet or offer their products on an internet at business stage, at that point they are set in some disadvantageous state that has been contrasted with industry competitors. These competitors might get the permission already to offer on the Internet. Limiting entrepreneurial opportunity: The Internet Censorship aspect business people would be compelled to have their thoughts affirmed by an oversight council, board, or individual as opposed to seeking after the thought instantly without anyone else. If a business in an indistinguishable industry from the business visionary has enough riches or impact, they could possibly confine the business visionary from seeking after their chance. Such an activity would restrain advancement in numerous parts (Busch, Theiner and Breindl 2018). The Internet has without any doubt has been the most helpful inventions and the most accommodating creations of our opportunity. In any case, it likewise cannot be denied that many individuals have utilized it for ruinous purposes and have exploited numerous people every day (Behrouzian et al. 2016). Therefore, Internet censorship is required. However, the usage must be finished by utilizing techniques that are advanced and not unsafe. Internetcensorship is not only a parental or government tool to use against the threats. There are a few programming items on the buyer showcase that can point of confinement or piece access to internet destinations or in short websites. It isgreatly known by the people that these projects are the Internet channels. Control adversaries have another name for them: Censorware. While there are some supporters and adversaries of Internet control there are people against it as well. Not every person utilizes similar strategies to finish their objectives over internet (Aceto et al. 2016). Several social orders have received the rewards from the technological advancements, that the innovation in internet censorship has frequently been used to impose to stabilize the internet planning and safety of the society. The planning advantage displays new advances, which has to be regularly met by the organization or may get some unexpected results (Khattak et al. 2016) . A few adversaries of censorship challenge government strategies in court. Others play the part of data opportunity warriors, giving individuals covert approaches to get to data. Conclusion The fundamental aspect of this report is to give a review of Online Censorship counting the exchange amongst innovation and arrangement in the society and setting some key plan factors to hostile and control advancements. As for the primary goal, a recorded survey of data control introduces the development of internet censorship and the relating business applications, exhibiting the control utilized by the world as a social and political device to keep their internet safe and secure. However, there are several pros and cons using the internet censorship. People believes that internet censorship is one the positive method for social problems and internet environment, while some other people has their opinion that censorship depends on the suppression of liberty. Internet censorship poses both advantage and disadvantages but there are main three reasons why censorship in internet is required that is for ethical, political and economical reasons of the society. To understand the potenti al threats it is vital for Internet Censorship to exist and regulate mainly the unethical and illegal threats by not invading the privacy and liberty of the common internet user. References Aceto, G., Botta, A., Pescap, A., Awan, M.F., Ahmad, T. and Qaisar, S., 2016, September. Analyzing internet censorship in Pakistan. InResearch and Technologies for Society and Industry Leveraging a better tomorrow (RTSI), 2016 IEEE 2nd International Forum on(pp. 1-6). IEEE. Behrouzian, G., Nisbet, E.C., Dal, A. and arko?lu, A., 2016. Resisting censorship: How citizens navigate closed media environments.International Journal of Communication,10, p.23. Busch, A., Theiner, P. and Breindl, Y., 2018. Internet Censorship in Liberal Democracies: Learning from Autocracies?. InManaging Democracy in the Digital Age(pp. 11-28). Springer, Cham. Clark, J.D., Faris, R.M., Morrison-Westphal, R.J., Noman, H., Tilton, C.B. and Zittrain, J.L., 2017. The shifting landscape of global internet censorship. Cui, X., Tsang, Y.H., Hui, L.C., Yiu, S.M. and Luo, B., 2016, January. Defend against Internet censorship in named data networking. InAdvanced Communication Technology (ICACT), 2016 18th International Conference on(pp. 300-305). IEEE. Detenber, B.H. and Rosenthal, S., 2017. Public Support for Censorship in a Highly Regulated Media Environment: The Influence of Self-Construal and Third-Person Perception Over Time.International Journal of Public Opinion Research, p.edw029. Dixon, L., Ristenpart, T. and Shrimpton, T., 2016. Network Traffic Obfuscation and Automated Internet Censorship.IEEE Security Privacy,14(6), pp.43-53. Du, Y.R., 2016. Same events, different stories: Internet censorship in the Arab Spring seen from China.Journalism Mass Communication Quarterly,93(1), pp.99-117. Greer, J., 2016. Children and internet pornography: a moral panic, a salvation for censors and Trojan horse for government colonisation of the digital frontier.Revisiting Moral Panics, p.137. Hassid, J. and Repnikova, M., 2016. Why Chinese print journalists embrace the Internet.Journalism,17(7), pp.882-898. Khattak, S., Elahi, T., Simon, L., Swanson, C.M., Murdoch, S.J. and Goldberg, I., 2016. SOK: Making sense of censorship resistance systems.Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies,2016(4), pp.37-61. McPherson, R., Houmansadr, A. and Shmatikov, V., 2016. Covertcast: Using live streaming to evade internet censorship.Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies,2016(3), pp.212-225. Mou, Y., Wu, K. and Atkin, D., 2016. Understanding the use of circumvention tools to bypass online censorship.new media society,18(5), pp.837-856. Pan, J., 2017. How Market Dynamics of Domestic and Foreign Social Media Firms Shape Strategies of Internet Censorship.Problems of Post-Communism,64(3-4), pp.167-188. Parks, L. and Mukherjee, R., 2017. From platform jumping to self-censorship: internet freedom, social media, and circumvention practices in Zambia.Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies, pp.1-17. Pearce, P., Ensafi, R., Li, F., Feamster, N. and Paxson, V., 2017, May. Augur: Internet-Wide Detection of Connectivity Disruptions. InSecurity and Privacy (SP), 2017 IEEE Symposium on(pp. 427-443). IEEE. Razaghpanah, A., Li, A., Filast, A., Nithyanand, R., Ververis, V., Scott, W. and Gill, P., 2016. Exploring the Design Space of Longitudinal Censorship Measurement Platforms.arXiv preprint arXiv:1606.01979. Weinberg, Z., Sharif, M., Szurdi, J. and Christin, N., 2017. Topics of Controversy: An Empirical Analysis of Web Censorship Lists.Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies,2017(1), pp.42-61. Yang, F., 2016. Rethinking Chinas Internet censorship: The practice of recoding and the politics of visibility.new media society,18(7), pp.1364-1381.

When You Hear The Term Romanticism, Wouldnt You Think Of Something Th Essay Example For Students

When You Hear The Term Romanticism, Wouldnt You Think Of Something Th Essay When you hear the term Romanticism, wouldnt you think of something that has to do with romance? That is what I thought when I first heard the word, but I was foolishly mistaken. Romanticism dealt with placing central importance upon the emotions and upon the individual. This time period only lasted about thirty years but greatly changed the and influenced the country in which we live in today. In the following composition, I will discuss the ideas of Romanticism and three famous writers of this time and their distinct subjects.The United States condensed as a nation during the major cultural change distinguished by the shift from classicism to Romanticism. We will write a custom essay on When You Hear The Term Romanticism, Wouldnt You Think Of Something Th specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now This change had an impact on every aspect of culture including arts, philosophy, education and science.Before all this even happened, an earlier belief known as Classicism was around. This unhealthy culture put reason as their dominating characteristic of nature and were also bound by strict unchanging laws by the government. Now, who would want to live under this dull inexpressible culture? Well, the early Puritans were part of this Age of Reason and many a good man came out of this era. Anyway, it was time for change. People wanted to start believing in themselves more and having a greater sense or nationalism. This is where Romanticism came in and replaced classicism. It was the beginning of a new era and initiated a whole new way of thinking. Romanticism basically dealt with three attitudes: Nature, the past, and the inner world of human nature. Although the early Romantic writers varied widely in the forms that they chose, these certain subjects were characteristics or Romantic attitudes.The writer who mainly told about nature was William Cullen Bryant. He became the first national spokesperson for a new religion of nature in which nature serves as a source of moral and spiritual lessons. One of his famous poems, To a Waterfowl, tells of the journey of a waterfowl during migration and relates that to the path in which we as humans take in our lives. He also incorporates some religious attitudes in his worksas well and you can see this at the end of To a Waterfowl when he tells you that God will lead your steps aright Washington Irving was a fine example of telling about the past. He wrote many a folk tales.In the short story The Devil and Tom Walker he Americanizes the devil and gives him qualities that are carried on with him for generations. The last writer that I will discuss is Edgar Allen Poe. Now, he is considered to be the most influential writer/poet of this time period. Unique as they were, his thoughts and powerful writings came from his inner self. No other writer had anywhere near the imagination as this poet did. He used his dark gothic mind to create horrifying stories and poems such as The Raven. This is his most famous poem and tells of a man torturing himself on purpose by asking a raven questions he already knows the answers to. If you follow Poes writings closely, you will see how he uses his technique to create a whole single effect, and this is what he does so great and is known for.When I now think of Romanticism, it gives me the feeling of freedom, and this is what the whole purpose of the Romantic period was. It changed the way people wrote from then on and also changed the whole lifestyle of man in my eyes. Maybe another revolution of such beauty as this will one day cross our eyes and we will be able to experience the radical changes and feelings as the people of this period once did.

Hemingway Essays - Ernest Hemingway, Free Essays, Term Papers

Hemingway Essays - Ernest Hemingway, Free Essays, Term Papers Hemingway ERNEST HEMINGWAY BIOGRAPHY On the date of July 21, 1899 Ernest Hemingway, a now known brilliant writer, was born. Hemingway was conceivably the only writer to achieve the combination of international celebrity and literary stature in the twentieth century. Hemingway was brought up in the village of Oak Park, Illinois, close to the prairies and woods west of Chicago. Both here and in Michigan, he could explore, camp, fish and hunt with his father, Dr. Clarence Hemingway. In Chicago he would attend concerts, operas and visit art museums with his mother, a musician and an artist. Hemingway attended Oak Park and River Forest High School, where he was an active writer. He wrote articles, poems and stories for the schools publications largely based on his own experiences. The year Hemingway graduated he quickly secured a job with the Kansas City Star. There he received a writing style sheet that instructed: Use short sentences. Use short first paragraphs. Use vigorous English. (Parshall 1). These were rules he never forgot to incorporate into his works to get to the heart of a story. The following year he entered World War I as a volunteer with American Red Cross ambulance unit as a driver. There he was wounded near the Italian/Austrian front. Hospitalized, he fell in love with his nurse, who later called off their relationship. After World War I, Hemingway returned to northern Michigan to read, write, fish, and later to work for the Toronto Star in Canada. In 1921 married his first wife and moved to Paris. In Paris he continued to write for the Toronto Star as a foreign correspondent. During his stay in Europe through the 1920s, Ernest was influenced by eccentric writers like Gertrude Stein and Ezra Pound their literary compression. Hemingways use of these methods in short stories and novels that captured the attention of critics and the public. In the 1930s, he turned to writing for causes, including democracy as he knew it in the Spanish Civil War and World War II. In each conflict he sought support for the side he favored. But he insisted on impartially describing the truth of both wars, which he knew from firsthand experience. In the years following World War II, many critics said Hemingways best writing was past. He surprised many of the critics when the novel, The Old Man and the Sea, was published.. This work led to his Pulitzer Prize in 1952. Two years later he received the Nobel Prize for his powerful, style-making mastery of the art or modern narration (Griffin 1) for The Old Man and the Sea. Hemingways years following these awards saw few works as successful as his novel or earlier writings. Hemingway was devastated that he could no longer write as he once did. During 1961 Hemingway, troubled by high blood pressure and mental depression, received shock treatments during two long confinements at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota. He died July 2, 1961 at his home in Ketchum, Idaho, as a result of self-inflicted gunshot wounds and was buried in Ketchum. But as he had hoped, his writing lives on. His works continue to sell very well and are translated in an amazing variety of languages around the world. HEMINGWAY HERO For Ernest Hemingway, the secondary world which he constructed in his many stories and novels served as a mirror to reflect his beliefs about the world in which he lived (Relations to Fact Through Fiction 1). Even though he reflected his beliefs in his works he never portrayed himself as the hero. Instead Hemingway created a hero that followed the same general code in all of his works. We generally, call this man the code herothis because he represents a code according to which the hero, if he could attain it, would be able to live properly in the world of violence, disorder, and misery to which he has been introduced and which he inhabits. The code hero, then, offers up and exemplifies certain principles of honor, courage, and endurance which in a life of tension and pain make a man, as we say, and enable him to conduct himself well in the losing battle that is life. The Hemingway hero of The Snows of Kilimanjaro is Harry. Harry is self pitying and views his present diseased state as the culmination of poor choices and false, convenient values. However, through final, confrontation with his own mortality, he achieved self-redemption. In The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber Francis is the Hemingway hero because he had courage and

Medical report Essays

Medical report Essays Medical report Paper Medical report Paper Dermatology department of N Municipal Hospital has the inpatient capacity of 20 beds. Most common diseases are psoriasis (like the case of Cristine Wandler, 37 years chief-cook), keratoses (actinic and seborrheic) and benign skin tumors. Skin infections are relatively rare, most are of fungal origin. Department provides video-dermatoscopic diagnostic procedures, biopsy and criotherapy of skin masses and set of diagnostic laboratory procedures - cytopathologic and hystopathologic analyses, microbiologic assays (microscopic analyses, cultural analyses, antibiotic, antiviral and fungicide sensitivity assays) and allergene identification essays. General dermatology service, female and male genital dermatology services and suspected cancer service are available in the department. Paediatric dermatology service is not available. In the department exists suspected cancer specialty team. It works closely with Oncology department in diagnostics of the earliest stages of skin cancer. Oncology department has the inpatient capacity of 50 beds. Most common are breast cancer, uterus cancer, skin cancer and lung cancer. Joe Araya (42 years, farm-worker, central lung cancer, second stage) admitted most recently. Department provides radiotherapy, chemotherapy, surgical treatment and palliative treatment services. CT and MRT are available for diagnostics, and two linear accelerators, superficial X-ray machine and selectron machine are available for radiotherapeutical treatment. Cytopathologic and hystopathologic analyses and chemiotherapy tolerance tumor cell culture tests are provided by the department. In the department breast cancer (early diagnostics, tomography, surgical and chemotherapeutical treatment), radiological treatment (inpatient, outpatient treatment, superficial ray treatment, deep location radiation treatment) and ginecological oncology (differential diagnostics, chemiotherapy services) specialty teams exist. Gastroenterology departments inpatient capacity is 25 beds. Most common for the department are gastritis of differrent types, gastroduodenitis, peptic ulcers, chronic cholecystitis (e. g. Sarah Jones, 19 years, student) and bile-excreting tracts dysfunctions. Department provides general gastroenterology, liver disease, early ulcer diagnostic and suspected gastroenterology cancer in- and outpatient services. Gastroduodenoscopic studies, gastric juice acidity tests, ultrasound diagnostic studies and X-ray examinations are conducted in the department. Ulcer treatment specialty team works in the department providing nonsurgical and surgical treatment of ulcers and ulceral bleedings. Pulmonary department has 10 beds inpatient capacity. Most common are pneumonia, bronchial asthma (as Dave Stevenson, manager, 29 years, allergic form of bronchial asthma ) and chronic bronchitis. Department provides fluorographic and bronchoscopic diagnostic services. Allergene identification assays, broad allergological assays and microscopic analyses are available for the department patients. There are no specialty teams in the pulmonary department of the Hospital. Cardiology department has inpatient capacity of 50 beds. Most common diseases are coronary heart disease, abnormal heart rhythms (Alison G. Fordington, 69 years, paroxysmal tachycardia), hypertension. Various types of electrocardiographic tests and electrocardiographic monitoring, coronarographic, echocardiographic and doppler ultrasound examinations are available for inpatient, day care and outpatient general cardiology, arythmia treatment, coronary heart disease and hypertension treatment services. Laboratory blood analyses for alanine-aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and related enzymes activity often performed on demand of department specialists. Department has myocardial infarction, anti-arythmia and heart attack reabilitation specialty teams that provide intensive inpatient care to respective groups of patients. Endocrinology department has inpatient capacity of 10 beds. Most common diseases are diabetes, hyper- and hypothyroidism (e. g. Simon Gan, driver, 42 years, diabetes mellitus). Department performs growth hormone, diabetes, thyroid, parathyroid and adrenal tests and water deprivation test. Inpatient and outpatient diabetes type I and II and thyroid gland dysfunction diagnostic and treatment services are available for patients of the department. Laboratory tests for insuline, total T4, total T3, free T4 by dialysis, thyroglobulin autoantibody and thyroid profile are performed. Diabetes and thyroid dysfunction specialty teams work in the department, providing expert diagnostics, treatment and care twenty four seven. Obstetrics department capability for inpatient care is 15 beds. Most common pregnancy complications are gestational diabetes, ectopic pregnancies and Rh negative disease (e. g. Marie Hayman, 23, pregn II deliv. II rh-negative disease). Department provides early outpatient consultations, inpatient and daily care treatment of early and late stage complications, inpatient care of parturient women and neonatologic care for new-born. Cesarean section, induction, external cephalic version are performed by the department obstetricians. Specialty teams of abnormal labor and neonatologic care work in the department, providing qualified treatment to patients thst fit under their expertise. Department of gynecology has inpatient capability of 24 beds. Most common for this department are dysmenorrhea, urinary tract infections, polycystic ovarian syndrome and dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Anne Carlisle (32 years, dysmenorrheic syndrome) admitted most recently. Department performs diagnostic pelvic ultrasound tests, breast and cervical biopsy, mammogram and hysteroscopy on inpatient and daily care basis. Services of specialty team of uterine bleeding treatment are available. Orthopedics department capability for inpatient care of 22 beds. The department most common cases are arthrites, contractures, scoliosis (e. g. Timothy Davis, 14 years, 3-rd grade scoliosis), ligament injuries and rheumatoid arthritis. Inpatient and outpatient orthopedic surgery services are available for the departments patients. Arthroscopic surgery, arthroplasty, joints stabilization, reconstruction of ligaments are among the procedures that specialists of the department perform. Specialty teams of orthopedic reconstructional surgery and arthroscopic surgery provide services of surgical treatment Department of neurology has capability for inpatient treatment of 40 patients at time. Most common diseases of patients of the department are transient ischaemic attacks, epilepsy, migraines, Parkinsons disease and Alzheimer disease. Recently admitted Paula Compton, 21 years old - first episode of grand mal epilepsia. General neurology service, epilepsy service, movement disorder service and suspected neurological cancer service are available. Electroencephalography, electromyography, nerve conduction velocity tests, serebral arteriography, X-ray examinations of the scull and the spine, CT scans of the brain and spine, lumbar punction and cerebrospinal fluid examination are performed in the department. Specialty team of cerebral blood circulation disorders management, status epilepticus treatment team and neuroendoscopic surgery team work within the department providing

Environmental science Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Environmental science - Essay Example This paper addresses these three environmental factors, shows how these factors are being influenced by humans and tries to suggest useful strategies and methods to reduce their harmful impacts on human life. Introduction Environmental factors play a pivotal role in maintaining human well being and quality of life. However, man’s indiscriminate actions have resulted in large scale environmental pollution and subsequent adverse impacts. Man can influence environmental factors to a large extend either positively or negatively. This paper seeks to address three environmental factors-renewable resources, biodiversity loss and pollution. The growing amount of greenhouse gas emissions have prompted the international community to think in terms of renewable resources. Similarly, biodiversity has been proved to be a significant environment factor as its loss adversely affects the functioning of ecosystems. In the same way, air, water and land pollutions have contributed towards a numb er of health related concerns. It is thus evident that unless and until these environmental factors are adequately managed or prevented these will culminate in the destruction of the entire mankind. Thus the paper also seeks to suggest certain recommendations and preventive strategies through which these environmental factors could well be brought under control. Environmental Factors I. Renewable resources It has been identified that increased amount of conventional oil consumption contribute to greater CO2 emissions which will be harmful to the environment. Therefore, it is high time that major oil companies globally respond to climate changes through alternative technologies and emissions reduction. This necessitates the reduction of carbon emissions, more focus on natural gas and biofuels, carbon capture and storage and the prevention of atmospheric greenhouse gases. While oil, petroleum and coal produce air, water and solid wastes the pollutions created by natural gas are compar atively low. The increased demand for energy and the growing environmental pollutions from non-renewable sources have forced world nations to turn to renewable energy sources such as the solar power, hydropower projects, and wind energies. Humans have often failed to understand the environmental impacts of the overuse of non-renewable resources. On the other hand, the potential power of renewable energy sources to limit climate change is well documented. For Kleijn and Van der Voet (2010) a transition to a renewable based energy system is essential for tackling climate change. For them ‘a renewable based hydrogen economy’ becomes more of eco friendly and the â€Å"world receives ample energy from the sun that can be harvested by PV solar cells and, indirectly, by wind turbines† (Kleijn and Van der Voet, 2010, p. 2784). A large scale global investment in renewable energy is essential from the part of well to do countries and such a step is expected that renewable energies will bring about social, economic and environmental benefits to many developing nations. Similarly, renewable resources are proved to be more conducive to the protection of natural ecosystems as it prevents health issues by reducing exposure to pollutants. Therefore, the best way to derivate energy from renewable sources is the transmission of energy from the source and as such solar energy has proved to be the most